Australian House of Representatives elections use full-preferential voting: voters number every box. If no candidate has more than half the first-preference votes, the candidate with the fewest is excluded and their ballots pass to each voter’s next preference, repeating until someone has more than half. Practical lesson: rank the candidate you most want to win first and the one you most want to lose last.
Kate THWAITES (Australian Labor Party) won Jagajaga in 2025 with 69,858 of the 111,099 votes in the final count, beating Chris PARR (Liberal) by 28,617 votes (62.9% to 37.1%). Thwaites led on first preferences with 42.6% of 111,099 formal votes and passed the 55,550-vote majority at count 5.
111,099 formal votes7 candidates5 counts28,617-vote final margin
Each column is a count. Bar height = votes held; the candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes flow to the others. Hover or tap a candidate to highlight their flows.
What happened, count by count
Initially 111,099 first-preference votes were counted. The candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes pass to the voters' next preference, and so on until two remain.
On count 1, Abdi MOHAMED (Independent) was excluded; their 1,518 votes were distributed: 438 (28.9%) to Rae RANCIE; 358 (23.6%) to Chris KEARNEY; 244 (16.1%) to Kate THWAITES; 224 (14.8%) to Chris PARR and 2 more.
On count 2, Rae RANCIE (Family First) was excluded; their 3,213 votes were distributed: 1,177 (36.6%) to Chris PARR; 1,031 (32.1%) to Leslie RALPH; 442 (13.8%) to Chris KEARNEY; 282 (8.8%) to Jy SANDFORD and 1 more.
On count 3, Leslie RALPH (Pauline Hanson's One Nation) was excluded; their 5,379 votes were distributed: 3,003 (55.8%) to Chris PARR; 1,464 (27.2%) to Chris KEARNEY; 643 (12.0%) to Kate THWAITES; 269 (5.0%) to Jy SANDFORD.
On count 4, Chris KEARNEY (Independent) was excluded; their 7,431 votes were distributed: 2,995 (40.3%) to Jy SANDFORD; 2,382 (32.1%) to Kate THWAITES; 2,054 (27.6%) to Chris PARR.
On count 5, Jy SANDFORD (The Greens) was excluded; their 21,083 votes were distributed: 19,024 (90.2%) to Kate THWAITES; 2,059 (9.8%) to Chris PARR.
Finally, Kate THWAITES (Australian Labor Party) won with 69,858 votes to 41,241 for Chris PARR (Liberal).
Where the preferences went
Jagajaga 2025: where each excluded candidate’s votes went
Count
Excluded
Votes distributed
Passed to
1
Abdi MOHAMEDIndependent
1,518
Rae RANCIE (FFPA): 438 (28.9%)
Chris KEARNEY (IND): 358 (23.6%)
Kate THWAITES (ALP): 244 (16.1%)
Chris PARR (LP): 224 (14.8%)
Jy SANDFORD (GVIC): 203 (13.4%)
Leslie RALPH (ON): 51 (3.4%)
2
Rae RANCIEFamily First
3,213
Chris PARR (LP): 1,177 (36.6%)
Leslie RALPH (ON): 1,031 (32.1%)
Chris KEARNEY (IND): 442 (13.8%)
Jy SANDFORD (GVIC): 282 (8.8%)
Kate THWAITES (ALP): 281 (8.7%)
3
Leslie RALPHPauline Hanson's One Nation
5,379
Chris PARR (LP): 3,003 (55.8%)
Chris KEARNEY (IND): 1,464 (27.2%)
Kate THWAITES (ALP): 643 (12.0%)
Jy SANDFORD (GVIC): 269 (5.0%)
4
Chris KEARNEYIndependent
7,431
Jy SANDFORD (GVIC): 2,995 (40.3%)
Kate THWAITES (ALP): 2,382 (32.1%)
Chris PARR (LP): 2,054 (27.6%)
5
Jy SANDFORDThe Greens
21,083
Kate THWAITES (ALP): 19,024 (90.2%)
Chris PARR (LP): 2,059 (9.8%)
Votes after every count
Jagajaga 2025: votes held by each candidate after every count (– = excluded)
Candidate
First prefs
Count 1
Count 2
Count 3
Count 4
Count 5
Kate THWAITESAustralian Labor Party · elected
47,284
47,528
47,809
48,452
50,834
69,858
Chris PARRLiberal
32,724
32,948
34,125
37,128
39,182
41,241
Jy SANDFORDThe Greens
17,334
17,537
17,819
18,088
21,083
–
Chris KEARNEYIndependent
5,167
5,525
5,967
7,431
–
–
Leslie RALPHPauline Hanson's One Nation
4,297
4,348
5,379
–
–
–
Rae RANCIEFamily First
2,775
3,213
–
–
–
–
Abdi MOHAMEDIndependent
1,518
–
–
–
–
–
2022 Federal election
Kate THWAITES (Australian Labor Party) won Jagajaga in 2022 with 63,122 of the 101,243 votes in the final count, beating Sahil TOMAR (Liberal) by 25,001 votes (62.3% to 37.7%). Thwaites led on first preferences with 40.9% of 101,243 formal votes and passed the 50,622-vote majority at count 6.
101,243 formal votes8 candidates6 counts25,001-vote final margin
Each column is a count. Bar height = votes held; the candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes flow to the others. Hover or tap a candidate to highlight their flows.
What happened, count by count
Initially 101,243 first-preference votes were counted. The candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes pass to the voters' next preference, and so on until two remain.
On count 1, Brendan PALMARINI (Australian Federation Party) was excluded; their 764 votes were distributed: 137 (17.9%) to Maya TESA; 132 (17.3%) to Allison ZELINKA; 129 (16.9%) to Kate THWAITES; 124 (16.2%) to Zahra MUSTAF and 3 more.
On count 2, John BOOKER (Pauline Hanson's One Nation) was excluded; their 2,377 votes were distributed: 1,030 (43.3%) to Allison ZELINKA; 468 (19.7%) to Maya TESA; 314 (13.2%) to Sahil TOMAR; 234 (9.8%) to Zahra MUSTAF and 2 more.
On count 3, Zahra MUSTAF (Independent) was excluded; their 3,508 votes were distributed: 1,295 (36.9%) to Liz CHASE; 945 (26.9%) to Kate THWAITES; 498 (14.2%) to Allison ZELINKA; 395 (11.3%) to Maya TESA and 1 more.
On count 4, Maya TESA (Liberal Democrats) was excluded; their 4,760 votes were distributed: 2,630 (55.3%) to Allison ZELINKA; 1,326 (27.9%) to Sahil TOMAR; 422 (8.9%) to Kate THWAITES; 382 (8.0%) to Liz CHASE.
On count 5, Allison ZELINKA (United Australia Party) was excluded; their 7,783 votes were distributed: 3,964 (50.9%) to Sahil TOMAR; 2,270 (29.2%) to Kate THWAITES; 1,549 (19.9%) to Liz CHASE.
On count 6, Liz CHASE (The Greens) was excluded; their 20,282 votes were distributed: 17,750 (87.5%) to Kate THWAITES; 2,532 (12.5%) to Sahil TOMAR.
Finally, Kate THWAITES (Australian Labor Party) won with 63,122 votes to 38,121 for Sahil TOMAR (Liberal).
Where the preferences went
Jagajaga 2022: where each excluded candidate’s votes went
Count
Excluded
Votes distributed
Passed to
1
Brendan PALMARINIAustralian Federation Party
764
Maya TESA (LDP): 137 (17.9%)
Allison ZELINKA (UAPP): 132 (17.3%)
Kate THWAITES (ALP): 129 (16.9%)
Zahra MUSTAF (IND): 124 (16.2%)
John BOOKER (ON): 103 (13.5%)
Sahil TOMAR (LP): 75 (9.8%)
Liz CHASE (GVIC): 64 (8.4%)
2
John BOOKERPauline Hanson's One Nation
2,377
Allison ZELINKA (UAPP): 1,030 (43.3%)
Maya TESA (LDP): 468 (19.7%)
Sahil TOMAR (LP): 314 (13.2%)
Zahra MUSTAF (IND): 234 (9.8%)
Kate THWAITES (ALP): 194 (8.2%)
Liz CHASE (GVIC): 137 (5.8%)
3
Zahra MUSTAFIndependent
3,508
Liz CHASE (GVIC): 1,295 (36.9%)
Kate THWAITES (ALP): 945 (26.9%)
Allison ZELINKA (UAPP): 498 (14.2%)
Maya TESA (LDP): 395 (11.3%)
Sahil TOMAR (LP): 375 (10.7%)
4
Maya TESALiberal Democrats
4,760
Allison ZELINKA (UAPP): 2,630 (55.3%)
Sahil TOMAR (LP): 1,326 (27.9%)
Kate THWAITES (ALP): 422 (8.9%)
Liz CHASE (GVIC): 382 (8.0%)
5
Allison ZELINKAUnited Australia Party
7,783
Sahil TOMAR (LP): 3,964 (50.9%)
Kate THWAITES (ALP): 2,270 (29.2%)
Liz CHASE (GVIC): 1,549 (19.9%)
6
Liz CHASEThe Greens
20,282
Kate THWAITES (ALP): 17,750 (87.5%)
Sahil TOMAR (LP): 2,532 (12.5%)
Votes after every count
Jagajaga 2022: votes held by each candidate after every count (– = excluded)
Candidate
First prefs
Count 1
Count 2
Count 3
Count 4
Count 5
Count 6
Kate THWAITESAustralian Labor Party · elected
41,412
41,541
41,735
42,680
43,102
45,372
63,122
Sahil TOMARLiberal
29,535
29,610
29,924
30,299
31,625
35,589
38,121
Liz CHASEThe Greens
16,855
16,919
17,056
18,351
18,733
20,282
–
Maya TESALiberal Democrats
3,760
3,897
4,365
4,760
–
–
–
Allison ZELINKAUnited Australia Party
3,493
3,625
4,655
5,153
7,783
–
–
Zahra MUSTAFIndependent
3,150
3,274
3,508
–
–
–
–
John BOOKERPauline Hanson's One Nation
2,274
2,377
–
–
–
–
–
Brendan PALMARINIAustralian Federation Party
764
–
–
–
–
–
–
2019 Federal election
Kate THWAITES (Australian Labor Party) won Jagajaga in 2019 with 55,304 of the 97,767 votes in the final count, beating Richard WELCH (Liberal) by 12,841 votes (56.6% to 43.4%). Thwaites led on first preferences with 42.0% of 97,767 formal votes and passed the 48,884-vote majority at count 3.
97,767 formal votes5 candidates3 counts12,841-vote final margin
Each column is a count. Bar height = votes held; the candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes flow to the others. Hover or tap a candidate to highlight their flows.
What happened, count by count
Initially 97,767 first-preference votes were counted. The candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes pass to the voters' next preference, and so on until two remain.
On count 1, Jeff TRUSCOTT (Rise Up Australia Party) was excluded; their 1,345 votes were distributed: 567 (42.2%) to Maria Marcia RIGONI; 372 (27.7%) to Richard WELCH; 246 (18.3%) to Kate THWAITES; 160 (11.9%) to Paul KENNEDY.
On count 2, Maria Marcia RIGONI (United Australia Party) was excluded; their 4,219 votes were distributed: 2,194 (52.0%) to Richard WELCH; 1,290 (30.6%) to Kate THWAITES; 735 (17.4%) to Paul KENNEDY.
On count 3, Paul KENNEDY (The Greens (VIC)) was excluded; their 14,824 votes were distributed: 12,682 (85.6%) to Kate THWAITES; 2,142 (14.4%) to Richard WELCH.
Finally, Kate THWAITES (Australian Labor Party) won with 55,304 votes to 42,463 for Richard WELCH (Liberal).
Where the preferences went
Jagajaga 2019: where each excluded candidate’s votes went
Count
Excluded
Votes distributed
Passed to
1
Jeff TRUSCOTTRise Up Australia Party
1,345
Maria Marcia RIGONI (UAPP): 567 (42.2%)
Richard WELCH (LP): 372 (27.7%)
Kate THWAITES (ALP): 246 (18.3%)
Paul KENNEDY (GVIC): 160 (11.9%)
2
Maria Marcia RIGONIUnited Australia Party
4,219
Richard WELCH (LP): 2,194 (52.0%)
Kate THWAITES (ALP): 1,290 (30.6%)
Paul KENNEDY (GVIC): 735 (17.4%)
3
Paul KENNEDYThe Greens (VIC)
14,824
Kate THWAITES (ALP): 12,682 (85.6%)
Richard WELCH (LP): 2,142 (14.4%)
Votes after every count
Jagajaga 2019: votes held by each candidate after every count (– = excluded)
Candidate
First prefs
Count 1
Count 2
Count 3
Kate THWAITESAustralian Labor Party · elected
41,086
41,332
42,622
55,304
Richard WELCHLiberal
37,755
38,127
40,321
42,463
Paul KENNEDYThe Greens (VIC)
13,929
14,089
14,824
–
Maria Marcia RIGONIUnited Australia Party
3,652
4,219
–
–
Jeff TRUSCOTTRise Up Australia Party
1,345
–
–
–
About this page
Australian House of Representatives elections use full-preferential voting: voters number every box. If no candidate has more than half the first-preference votes, the candidate with the fewest is excluded and their ballots pass to each voter’s next preference, repeating until someone has more than half. Practical lesson: rank the candidate you most want to win first and the one you most want to lose last.
