Australian House of Representatives elections use full-preferential voting: voters number every box. If no candidate has more than half the first-preference votes, the candidate with the fewest is excluded and their ballots pass to each voter’s next preference, repeating until someone has more than half. Practical lesson: rank the candidate you most want to win first and the one you most want to lose last.
Aaron VIOLI (Liberal) won Casey in 2025 with 58,479 of the 110,563 votes in the final count, beating Naomi OAKLEY (Australian Labor Party) by 6,395 votes (52.9% to 47.1%). Violi led on first preferences with 40.9% of 110,563 formal votes and passed the 55,282-vote majority at count 6.
110,563 formal votes8 candidates6 counts6,395-vote final margin
Each column is a count. Bar height = votes held; the candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes flow to the others. Hover or tap a candidate to highlight their flows.
What happened, count by count
Initially 110,563 first-preference votes were counted. The candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes pass to the voters' next preference, and so on until two remain.
On count 1, Chloe BOND (Animal Justice Party) was excluded; their 2,379 votes were distributed: 858 (36.1%) to Merran BLAIR; 412 (17.3%) to Claire FERRES MILES; 353 (14.8%) to Dan NEBAUER; 308 (12.9%) to Naomi OAKLEY and 3 more.
On count 2, Dan NEBAUER (Family First) was excluded; their 3,507 votes were distributed: 1,190 (33.9%) to Ambere LIVORI; 955 (27.2%) to Aaron VIOLI; 402 (11.5%) to Phillip COURTIS; 388 (11.1%) to Claire FERRES MILES and 2 more.
On count 3, Phillip COURTIS (Trumpet of Patriots) was excluded; their 4,218 votes were distributed: 2,625 (62.2%) to Ambere LIVORI; 712 (16.9%) to Aaron VIOLI; 465 (11.0%) to Claire FERRES MILES; 227 (5.4%) to Naomi OAKLEY and 1 more.
On count 4, Ambere LIVORI (Pauline Hanson's One Nation) was excluded; their 9,612 votes were distributed: 5,144 (53.5%) to Aaron VIOLI; 2,549 (26.5%) to Claire FERRES MILES; 1,032 (10.7%) to Merran BLAIR; 887 (9.2%) to Naomi OAKLEY.
On count 5, Merran BLAIR (The Greens) was excluded; their 14,517 votes were distributed: 7,416 (51.1%) to Claire FERRES MILES; 6,227 (42.9%) to Naomi OAKLEY; 874 (6.0%) to Aaron VIOLI.
On count 6, Claire FERRES MILES (Independent) was excluded; their 22,820 votes were distributed: 17,374 (76.1%) to Naomi OAKLEY; 5,446 (23.9%) to Aaron VIOLI.
Finally, Aaron VIOLI (Liberal) won with 58,479 votes to 52,084 for Naomi OAKLEY (Australian Labor Party).
Where the preferences went
Casey 2025: where each excluded candidate’s votes went
Count
Excluded
Votes distributed
Passed to
1
Chloe BONDAnimal Justice Party
2,379
Merran BLAIR (GVIC): 858 (36.1%)
Claire FERRES MILES (IND): 412 (17.3%)
Dan NEBAUER (FFPA): 353 (14.8%)
Naomi OAKLEY (ALP): 308 (12.9%)
Ambere LIVORI (ON): 194 (8.2%)
Aaron VIOLI (LP): 154 (6.5%)
Phillip COURTIS (CYA): 100 (4.2%)
2
Dan NEBAUERFamily First
3,507
Ambere LIVORI (ON): 1,190 (33.9%)
Aaron VIOLI (LP): 955 (27.2%)
Phillip COURTIS (CYA): 402 (11.5%)
Claire FERRES MILES (IND): 388 (11.1%)
Merran BLAIR (GVIC): 331 (9.4%)
Naomi OAKLEY (ALP): 241 (6.9%)
3
Phillip COURTISTrumpet of Patriots
4,218
Ambere LIVORI (ON): 2,625 (62.2%)
Aaron VIOLI (LP): 712 (16.9%)
Claire FERRES MILES (IND): 465 (11.0%)
Naomi OAKLEY (ALP): 227 (5.4%)
Merran BLAIR (GVIC): 189 (4.5%)
4
Ambere LIVORIPauline Hanson's One Nation
9,612
Aaron VIOLI (LP): 5,144 (53.5%)
Claire FERRES MILES (IND): 2,549 (26.5%)
Merran BLAIR (GVIC): 1,032 (10.7%)
Naomi OAKLEY (ALP): 887 (9.2%)
5
Merran BLAIRThe Greens
14,517
Claire FERRES MILES (IND): 7,416 (51.1%)
Naomi OAKLEY (ALP): 6,227 (42.9%)
Aaron VIOLI (LP): 874 (6.0%)
6
Claire FERRES MILESIndependent
22,820
Naomi OAKLEY (ALP): 17,374 (76.1%)
Aaron VIOLI (LP): 5,446 (23.9%)
Votes after every count
Casey 2025: votes held by each candidate after every count (– = excluded)
Candidate
First prefs
Count 1
Count 2
Count 3
Count 4
Count 5
Count 6
Aaron VIOLILiberal · elected
45,194
45,348
46,303
47,015
52,159
53,033
58,479
Naomi OAKLEYAustralian Labor Party
26,820
27,128
27,369
27,596
28,483
34,710
52,084
Merran BLAIRThe Greens
12,107
12,965
13,296
13,485
14,517
–
–
Claire FERRES MILESIndependent
11,590
12,002
12,390
12,855
15,404
22,820
–
Ambere LIVORIPauline Hanson's One Nation
5,603
5,797
6,987
9,612
–
–
–
Phillip COURTISTrumpet of Patriots
3,716
3,816
4,218
–
–
–
–
Dan NEBAUERFamily First
3,154
3,507
–
–
–
–
–
Chloe BONDAnimal Justice Party
2,379
–
–
–
–
–
–
2022 Federal election
Aaron VIOLI (Liberal) won Casey in 2022 with 51,283 of the 99,621 votes in the final count, beating Bill BRINDLE (Australian Labor Party) by 2,945 votes (51.5% to 48.5%). Violi led on first preferences with 36.5% of 99,621 formal votes and passed the 49,811-vote majority at count 9.
99,621 formal votes11 candidates9 counts2,945-vote final margin
Each column is a count. Bar height = votes held; the candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes flow to the others. Hover or tap a candidate to highlight their flows.
What happened, count by count
Initially 99,621 first-preference votes were counted. The candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes pass to the voters' next preference, and so on until two remain.
On count 1, Chris FIELD (Australian Federation Party) was excluded; their 686 votes were distributed: 155 (22.6%) to Anthony Sebastian BELLVE; 147 (21.4%) to Paul MURPHY; 136 (19.8%) to Trevor Walter SMITH; 69 (10.1%) to Craig COLE and 6 more.
On count 2, Peter SULLIVAN (Derryn Hinch's Justice Party) was excluded; their 1,226 votes were distributed: 206 (16.8%) to Paul MURPHY; 168 (13.7%) to Aaron VIOLI; 168 (13.7%) to Claire FERRES MILES; 158 (12.9%) to Andrew KLOP and 5 more.
On count 3, Andrew KLOP (Animal Justice Party) was excluded; their 2,020 votes were distributed: 701 (34.7%) to Jenny GAME; 318 (15.7%) to Bill BRINDLE; 246 (12.2%) to Claire FERRES MILES; 229 (11.3%) to Craig COLE and 4 more.
On count 4, Trevor Walter SMITH (Liberal Democrats) was excluded; their 2,245 votes were distributed: 641 (28.6%) to Anthony Sebastian BELLVE; 598 (26.6%) to Paul MURPHY; 470 (20.9%) to Aaron VIOLI; 191 (8.5%) to Craig COLE and 3 more.
On count 5, Craig COLE (Independent) was excluded; their 4,053 votes were distributed: 1,217 (30.0%) to Anthony Sebastian BELLVE; 1,011 (24.9%) to Claire FERRES MILES; 779 (19.2%) to Paul MURPHY; 406 (10.0%) to Jenny GAME and 2 more.
On count 6, Paul MURPHY (Pauline Hanson's One Nation) was excluded; their 5,169 votes were distributed: 3,145 (60.8%) to Anthony Sebastian BELLVE; 680 (13.2%) to Aaron VIOLI; 660 (12.8%) to Claire FERRES MILES; 403 (7.8%) to Bill BRINDLE and 1 more.
On count 7, Anthony Sebastian BELLVE (United Australia Party) was excluded; their 10,222 votes were distributed: 4,551 (44.5%) to Aaron VIOLI; 4,397 (43.0%) to Claire FERRES MILES; 678 (6.6%) to Bill BRINDLE; 596 (5.8%) to Jenny GAME.
On count 8, Claire FERRES MILES (Independent) was excluded; their 14,960 votes were distributed: 8,014 (53.6%) to Jenny GAME; 3,566 (23.8%) to Bill BRINDLE; 3,380 (22.6%) to Aaron VIOLI.
On count 9, Jenny GAME (The Greens) was excluded; their 23,097 votes were distributed: 18,045 (78.1%) to Bill BRINDLE; 5,052 (21.9%) to Aaron VIOLI.
Finally, Aaron VIOLI (Liberal) won with 51,283 votes to 48,338 for Bill BRINDLE (Australian Labor Party).
Where the preferences went
Casey 2022: where each excluded candidate’s votes went
Count
Excluded
Votes distributed
Passed to
1
Chris FIELDAustralian Federation Party
686
Anthony Sebastian BELLVE (UAPP): 155 (22.6%)
Paul MURPHY (ON): 147 (21.4%)
Trevor Walter SMITH (LDP): 136 (19.8%)
Craig COLE (IND): 69 (10.1%)
Aaron VIOLI (LP): 61 (8.9%)
Claire FERRES MILES (IND): 39 (5.7%)
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 27 (3.9%)
Peter SULLIVAN (DHJP): 19 (2.8%)
Andrew KLOP (AJP): 18 (2.6%)
Jenny GAME (GVIC): 15 (2.2%)
2
Peter SULLIVANDerryn Hinch's Justice Party
1,226
Paul MURPHY (ON): 206 (16.8%)
Aaron VIOLI (LP): 168 (13.7%)
Claire FERRES MILES (IND): 168 (13.7%)
Andrew KLOP (AJP): 158 (12.9%)
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 145 (11.8%)
Anthony Sebastian BELLVE (UAPP): 128 (10.4%)
Craig COLE (IND): 109 (8.9%)
Jenny GAME (GVIC): 91 (7.4%)
Trevor Walter SMITH (LDP): 53 (4.3%)
3
Andrew KLOPAnimal Justice Party
2,020
Jenny GAME (GVIC): 701 (34.7%)
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 318 (15.7%)
Claire FERRES MILES (IND): 246 (12.2%)
Craig COLE (IND): 229 (11.3%)
Aaron VIOLI (LP): 197 (9.8%)
Paul MURPHY (ON): 179 (8.9%)
Anthony Sebastian BELLVE (UAPP): 102 (5.0%)
Trevor Walter SMITH (LDP): 48 (2.4%)
4
Trevor Walter SMITHLiberal Democrats
2,245
Anthony Sebastian BELLVE (UAPP): 641 (28.6%)
Paul MURPHY (ON): 598 (26.6%)
Aaron VIOLI (LP): 470 (20.9%)
Craig COLE (IND): 191 (8.5%)
Claire FERRES MILES (IND): 132 (5.9%)
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 114 (5.1%)
Jenny GAME (GVIC): 99 (4.4%)
5
Craig COLEIndependent
4,053
Anthony Sebastian BELLVE (UAPP): 1,217 (30.0%)
Claire FERRES MILES (IND): 1,011 (24.9%)
Paul MURPHY (ON): 779 (19.2%)
Jenny GAME (GVIC): 406 (10.0%)
Aaron VIOLI (LP): 377 (9.3%)
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 263 (6.5%)
6
Paul MURPHYPauline Hanson's One Nation
5,169
Anthony Sebastian BELLVE (UAPP): 3,145 (60.8%)
Aaron VIOLI (LP): 680 (13.2%)
Claire FERRES MILES (IND): 660 (12.8%)
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 403 (7.8%)
Jenny GAME (GVIC): 281 (5.4%)
7
Anthony Sebastian BELLVEUnited Australia Party
10,222
Aaron VIOLI (LP): 4,551 (44.5%)
Claire FERRES MILES (IND): 4,397 (43.0%)
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 678 (6.6%)
Jenny GAME (GVIC): 596 (5.8%)
8
Claire FERRES MILESIndependent
14,960
Jenny GAME (GVIC): 8,014 (53.6%)
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 3,566 (23.8%)
Aaron VIOLI (LP): 3,380 (22.6%)
9
Jenny GAMEThe Greens
23,097
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 18,045 (78.1%)
Aaron VIOLI (LP): 5,052 (21.9%)
Votes after every count
Casey 2022: votes held by each candidate after every count (– = excluded)
Candidate
First prefs
Count 1
Count 2
Count 3
Count 4
Count 5
Count 6
Count 7
Count 8
Count 9
Aaron VIOLILiberal · elected
36,347
36,408
36,576
36,773
37,243
37,620
38,300
42,851
46,231
51,283
Bill BRINDLEAustralian Labor Party
24,779
24,806
24,951
25,269
25,383
25,646
26,049
26,727
30,293
48,338
Jenny GAMEThe Greens
12,894
12,909
13,000
13,701
13,800
14,206
14,487
15,083
23,097
–
Claire FERRES MILESIndependent
8,307
8,346
8,514
8,760
8,892
9,903
10,563
14,960
–
–
Anthony Sebastian BELLVEUnited Australia Party
4,834
4,989
5,117
5,219
5,860
7,077
10,222
–
–
–
Craig COLEIndependent
3,455
3,524
3,633
3,862
4,053
–
–
–
–
–
Paul MURPHYPauline Hanson's One Nation
3,260
3,407
3,613
3,792
4,390
5,169
–
–
–
–
Trevor Walter SMITHLiberal Democrats
2,008
2,144
2,197
2,245
–
–
–
–
–
–
Andrew KLOPAnimal Justice Party
1,844
1,862
2,020
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Peter SULLIVANDerryn Hinch's Justice Party
1,207
1,226
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Chris FIELDAustralian Federation Party
686
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2019 Federal election
Tony SMITH (Liberal) won Casey in 2019 with 54,551 of the 99,828 votes in the final count, beating Bill BRINDLE (Australian Labor Party) by 9,274 votes (54.6% to 45.4%). Smith led on first preferences with 45.2% of 99,828 formal votes and passed the 49,915-vote majority at count 7.
99,828 formal votes10 candidates8 counts9,274-vote final margin
Each column is a count. Bar height = votes held; the candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes flow to the others. Hover or tap a candidate to highlight their flows.
What happened, count by count
Initially 99,828 first-preference votes were counted. The candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes pass to the voters' next preference, and so on until two remain.
On count 1, Jayden O'CONNOR (The Great Australian Party) was excluded; their 801 votes were distributed: 120 (15.0%) to Peter CHARLETON; 118 (14.7%) to Jenny GAME-LOPATA; 118 (14.7%) to Antony CALABRO; 98 (12.2%) to Wendy STARKEY and 5 more.
On count 2, Antony CALABRO (Rise Up Australia Party) was excluded; their 938 votes were distributed: 230 (24.5%) to Wendy STARKEY; 216 (23.0%) to Peter CHARLETON; 176 (18.8%) to Tony SMITH; 92 (9.8%) to Travis BARKER and 4 more.
On count 3, Ross McPHEE (Labour DLP) was excluded; their 2,397 votes were distributed: 712 (29.7%) to Bill BRINDLE; 466 (19.4%) to Tony SMITH; 335 (14.0%) to Peter CHARLETON; 266 (11.1%) to Travis BARKER and 3 more.
On count 4, Peter CHARLETON (Independent) was excluded; their 2,973 votes were distributed: 992 (33.4%) to Travis BARKER; 495 (16.6%) to Ryan Leslie CLARK; 461 (15.5%) to Wendy STARKEY; 412 (13.9%) to Tony SMITH and 2 more.
On count 5, Wendy STARKEY (United Australia Party) was excluded; their 3,598 votes were distributed: 1,319 (36.7%) to Tony SMITH; 1,022 (28.4%) to Ryan Leslie CLARK; 661 (18.4%) to Travis BARKER; 407 (11.3%) to Bill BRINDLE and 1 more.
On count 6, Ryan Leslie CLARK (Derryn Hinch's Justice Party) was excluded; their 5,165 votes were distributed: 1,673 (32.4%) to Travis BARKER; 1,646 (31.9%) to Tony SMITH; 1,298 (25.1%) to Bill BRINDLE; 548 (10.6%) to Jenny GAME-LOPATA.
On count 7, Travis BARKER (Animal Justice Party) was excluded; their 6,846 votes were distributed: 2,763 (40.4%) to Jenny GAME-LOPATA; 2,516 (36.8%) to Tony SMITH; 1,567 (22.9%) to Bill BRINDLE.
On count 8, Jenny GAME-LOPATA (The Greens (VIC)) was excluded; their 15,044 votes were distributed: 12,278 (81.6%) to Bill BRINDLE; 2,766 (18.4%) to Tony SMITH.
Finally, Tony SMITH (Liberal) won with 54,551 votes to 45,277 for Bill BRINDLE (Australian Labor Party).
Where the preferences went
Casey 2019: where each excluded candidate’s votes went
Count
Excluded
Votes distributed
Passed to
1
Jayden O'CONNORThe Great Australian Party
801
Peter CHARLETON (IND): 120 (15.0%)
Jenny GAME-LOPATA (GVIC): 118 (14.7%)
Antony CALABRO (RUA): 118 (14.7%)
Wendy STARKEY (UAPP): 98 (12.2%)
Tony SMITH (LP): 82 (10.2%)
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 81 (10.1%)
Ryan Leslie CLARK (DHJP): 67 (8.4%)
Ross McPHEE (DLP): 60 (7.5%)
Travis BARKER (AJP): 57 (7.1%)
2
Antony CALABRORise Up Australia Party
938
Wendy STARKEY (UAPP): 230 (24.5%)
Peter CHARLETON (IND): 216 (23.0%)
Tony SMITH (LP): 176 (18.8%)
Travis BARKER (AJP): 92 (9.8%)
Ross McPHEE (DLP): 91 (9.7%)
Ryan Leslie CLARK (DHJP): 73 (7.8%)
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 36 (3.8%)
Jenny GAME-LOPATA (GVIC): 24 (2.6%)
3
Ross McPHEELabour DLP
2,397
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 712 (29.7%)
Tony SMITH (LP): 466 (19.4%)
Peter CHARLETON (IND): 335 (14.0%)
Travis BARKER (AJP): 266 (11.1%)
Jenny GAME-LOPATA (GVIC): 217 (9.1%)
Wendy STARKEY (UAPP): 202 (8.4%)
Ryan Leslie CLARK (DHJP): 199 (8.3%)
4
Peter CHARLETONIndependent
2,973
Travis BARKER (AJP): 992 (33.4%)
Ryan Leslie CLARK (DHJP): 495 (16.6%)
Wendy STARKEY (UAPP): 461 (15.5%)
Tony SMITH (LP): 412 (13.9%)
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 347 (11.7%)
Jenny GAME-LOPATA (GVIC): 266 (8.9%)
5
Wendy STARKEYUnited Australia Party
3,598
Tony SMITH (LP): 1,319 (36.7%)
Ryan Leslie CLARK (DHJP): 1,022 (28.4%)
Travis BARKER (AJP): 661 (18.4%)
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 407 (11.3%)
Jenny GAME-LOPATA (GVIC): 189 (5.3%)
6
Ryan Leslie CLARKDerryn Hinch's Justice Party
5,165
Travis BARKER (AJP): 1,673 (32.4%)
Tony SMITH (LP): 1,646 (31.9%)
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 1,298 (25.1%)
Jenny GAME-LOPATA (GVIC): 548 (10.6%)
7
Travis BARKERAnimal Justice Party
6,846
Jenny GAME-LOPATA (GVIC): 2,763 (40.4%)
Tony SMITH (LP): 2,516 (36.8%)
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 1,567 (22.9%)
8
Jenny GAME-LOPATAThe Greens (VIC)
15,044
Bill BRINDLE (ALP): 12,278 (81.6%)
Tony SMITH (LP): 2,766 (18.4%)
Votes after every count
Casey 2019: votes held by each candidate after every count (– = excluded)
Candidate
First prefs
Count 1
Count 2
Count 3
Count 4
Count 5
Count 6
Count 7
Count 8
Tony SMITHLiberal · elected
45,168
45,250
45,426
45,892
46,304
47,623
49,269
51,785
54,551
Bill BRINDLEAustralian Labor Party
28,551
28,632
28,668
29,380
29,727
30,134
31,432
32,999
45,277
Jenny GAME-LOPATAThe Greens (VIC)
10,919
11,037
11,061
11,278
11,544
11,733
12,281
15,044
–
Ryan Leslie CLARKDerryn Hinch's Justice Party
3,309
3,376
3,449
3,648
4,143
5,165
–
–
–
Travis BARKERAnimal Justice Party
3,105
3,162
3,254
3,520
4,512
5,173
6,846
–
–
Wendy STARKEYUnited Australia Party
2,607
2,705
2,935
3,137
3,598
–
–
–
–
Peter CHARLETONIndependent
2,302
2,422
2,638
2,973
–
–
–
–
–
Ross McPHEELabour DLP
2,246
2,306
2,397
–
–
–
–
–
–
Antony CALABRORise Up Australia Party
820
938
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Jayden O'CONNORThe Great Australian Party
801
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
About this page
Australian House of Representatives elections use full-preferential voting: voters number every box. If no candidate has more than half the first-preference votes, the candidate with the fewest is excluded and their ballots pass to each voter’s next preference, repeating until someone has more than half. Practical lesson: rank the candidate you most want to win first and the one you most want to lose last.
