Australian House of Representatives elections use full-preferential voting: voters number every box. If no candidate has more than half the first-preference votes, the candidate with the fewest is excluded and their ballots pass to each voter’s next preference, repeating until someone has more than half. Practical lesson: rank the candidate you most want to win first and the one you most want to lose last.
Julian HILL (Australian Labor Party) won Bruce in 2025 with 70,751 of the 109,494 votes in the final count, beating Zahid SAFI (Liberal) by 32,008 votes (64.6% to 35.4%). Hill led on first preferences with 45.3% of 109,494 formal votes and passed the 54,748-vote majority at count 5.
109,494 formal votes8 candidates6 counts32,008-vote final margin
Each column is a count. Bar height = votes held; the candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes flow to the others. Hover or tap a candidate to highlight their flows.
What happened, count by count
Initially 109,494 first-preference votes were counted. The candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes pass to the voters' next preference, and so on until two remain.
On count 1, Christine SKROBO (Libertarian) was excluded; their 1,289 votes were distributed: 403 (31.3%) to Bianca COLECCHIA; 208 (16.1%) to Wendy BIRCHALL; 173 (13.4%) to Julian HILL; 172 (13.3%) to Zahid SAFI and 3 more.
On count 2, Andrew LOUTH (Legalise Cannabis Party) was excluded; their 3,657 votes were distributed: 921 (25.2%) to Wendy BIRCHALL; 882 (24.1%) to Rhonda GARAD; 874 (23.9%) to Julian HILL; 394 (10.8%) to Bianca COLECCHIA and 2 more.
On count 3, Samuel James ANDERSON (Trumpet of Patriots) was excluded; their 3,950 votes were distributed: 1,595 (40.4%) to Bianca COLECCHIA; 1,195 (30.3%) to Wendy BIRCHALL; 552 (14.0%) to Zahid SAFI; 397 (10.1%) to Julian HILL and 1 more.
On count 4, Wendy BIRCHALL (Family First) was excluded; their 6,520 votes were distributed: 2,666 (40.9%) to Bianca COLECCHIA; 1,710 (26.2%) to Zahid SAFI; 1,089 (16.7%) to Rhonda GARAD; 1,055 (16.2%) to Julian HILL.
On count 5, Bianca COLECCHIA (Pauline Hanson's One Nation) was excluded; their 13,989 votes were distributed: 7,828 (56.0%) to Zahid SAFI; 3,388 (24.2%) to Rhonda GARAD; 2,773 (19.8%) to Julian HILL.
On count 6, Rhonda GARAD (The Greens) was excluded; their 18,888 votes were distributed: 15,869 (84.0%) to Julian HILL; 3,019 (16.0%) to Zahid SAFI.
Finally, Julian HILL (Australian Labor Party) won with 70,751 votes to 38,743 for Zahid SAFI (Liberal).
Where the preferences went
Bruce 2025: where each excluded candidate’s votes went
Count
Excluded
Votes distributed
Passed to
1
Christine SKROBOLibertarian
1,289
Bianca COLECCHIA (ON): 403 (31.3%)
Wendy BIRCHALL (FFPA): 208 (16.1%)
Julian HILL (ALP): 173 (13.4%)
Zahid SAFI (LP): 172 (13.3%)
Samuel James ANDERSON (CYA): 134 (10.4%)
Rhonda GARAD (GVIC): 105 (8.1%)
Andrew LOUTH (HMP): 94 (7.3%)
2
Andrew LOUTHLegalise Cannabis Party
3,657
Wendy BIRCHALL (FFPA): 921 (25.2%)
Rhonda GARAD (GVIC): 882 (24.1%)
Julian HILL (ALP): 874 (23.9%)
Bianca COLECCHIA (ON): 394 (10.8%)
Zahid SAFI (LP): 300 (8.2%)
Samuel James ANDERSON (CYA): 286 (7.8%)
3
Samuel James ANDERSONTrumpet of Patriots
3,950
Bianca COLECCHIA (ON): 1,595 (40.4%)
Wendy BIRCHALL (FFPA): 1,195 (30.3%)
Zahid SAFI (LP): 552 (14.0%)
Julian HILL (ALP): 397 (10.1%)
Rhonda GARAD (GVIC): 211 (5.3%)
4
Wendy BIRCHALLFamily First
6,520
Bianca COLECCHIA (ON): 2,666 (40.9%)
Zahid SAFI (LP): 1,710 (26.2%)
Rhonda GARAD (GVIC): 1,089 (16.7%)
Julian HILL (ALP): 1,055 (16.2%)
5
Bianca COLECCHIAPauline Hanson's One Nation
13,989
Zahid SAFI (LP): 7,828 (56.0%)
Rhonda GARAD (GVIC): 3,388 (24.2%)
Julian HILL (ALP): 2,773 (19.8%)
6
Rhonda GARADThe Greens
18,888
Julian HILL (ALP): 15,869 (84.0%)
Zahid SAFI (LP): 3,019 (16.0%)
Votes after every count
Bruce 2025: votes held by each candidate after every count (– = excluded)
Candidate
First prefs
Count 1
Count 2
Count 3
Count 4
Count 5
Count 6
Julian HILLAustralian Labor Party · elected
49,610
49,783
50,657
51,054
52,109
54,882
70,751
Zahid SAFILiberal
25,162
25,334
25,634
26,186
27,896
35,724
38,743
Rhonda GARADThe Greens
13,213
13,318
14,200
14,411
15,500
18,888
–
Bianca COLECCHIAPauline Hanson's One Nation
8,931
9,334
9,728
11,323
13,989
–
–
Wendy BIRCHALLFamily First
4,196
4,404
5,325
6,520
–
–
–
Andrew LOUTHLegalise Cannabis Party
3,563
3,657
–
–
–
–
–
Samuel James ANDERSONTrumpet of Patriots
3,530
3,664
3,950
–
–
–
–
Christine SKROBOLibertarian
1,289
–
–
–
–
–
–
2022 Federal election
Julian HILL (Australian Labor Party) won Bruce in 2022 with 53,920 of the 95,290 votes in the final count, beating James MOODY (Liberal) by 12,550 votes (56.6% to 43.4%). Hill led on first preferences with 41.5% of 95,290 formal votes and passed the 47,646-vote majority at count 4.
95,290 formal votes6 candidates4 counts12,550-vote final margin
Each column is a count. Bar height = votes held; the candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes flow to the others. Hover or tap a candidate to highlight their flows.
What happened, count by count
Initially 95,290 first-preference votes were counted. The candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes pass to the voters' next preference, and so on until two remain.
On count 1, Hayley DEANS (Pauline Hanson's One Nation) was excluded; their 4,544 votes were distributed: 2,193 (48.3%) to Matt BABET; 956 (21.0%) to Christine SKROBO; 536 (11.8%) to Julian HILL; 477 (10.5%) to James MOODY and 1 more.
On count 2, Christine SKROBO (Liberal Democrats) was excluded; their 5,777 votes were distributed: 3,313 (57.3%) to Matt BABET; 1,564 (27.1%) to James MOODY; 589 (10.2%) to Julian HILL; 311 (5.4%) to Matthew KIRWAN.
On count 3, Matthew KIRWAN (The Greens) was excluded; their 9,966 votes were distributed: 6,924 (69.5%) to Julian HILL; 1,615 (16.2%) to James MOODY; 1,427 (14.3%) to Matt BABET.
On count 4, Matt BABET (United Australia Party) was excluded; their 15,232 votes were distributed: 8,877 (58.3%) to James MOODY; 6,355 (41.7%) to Julian HILL.
Finally, Julian HILL (Australian Labor Party) won with 53,920 votes to 41,370 for James MOODY (Liberal).
Where the preferences went
Bruce 2022: where each excluded candidate’s votes went
Count
Excluded
Votes distributed
Passed to
1
Hayley DEANSPauline Hanson's One Nation
4,544
Matt BABET (UAPP): 2,193 (48.3%)
Christine SKROBO (LDP): 956 (21.0%)
Julian HILL (ALP): 536 (11.8%)
James MOODY (LP): 477 (10.5%)
Matthew KIRWAN (GVIC): 382 (8.4%)
2
Christine SKROBOLiberal Democrats
5,777
Matt BABET (UAPP): 3,313 (57.3%)
James MOODY (LP): 1,564 (27.1%)
Julian HILL (ALP): 589 (10.2%)
Matthew KIRWAN (GVIC): 311 (5.4%)
3
Matthew KIRWANThe Greens
9,966
Julian HILL (ALP): 6,924 (69.5%)
James MOODY (LP): 1,615 (16.2%)
Matt BABET (UAPP): 1,427 (14.3%)
4
Matt BABETUnited Australia Party
15,232
James MOODY (LP): 8,877 (58.3%)
Julian HILL (ALP): 6,355 (41.7%)
Votes after every count
Bruce 2022: votes held by each candidate after every count (– = excluded)
Candidate
First prefs
Count 1
Count 2
Count 3
Count 4
Julian HILLAustralian Labor Party · elected
39,516
40,052
40,641
47,565
53,920
James MOODYLiberal
28,837
29,314
30,878
32,493
41,370
Matthew KIRWANThe Greens
9,273
9,655
9,966
–
–
Matt BABETUnited Australia Party
8,299
10,492
13,805
15,232
–
Christine SKROBOLiberal Democrats
4,821
5,777
–
–
–
Hayley DEANSPauline Hanson's One Nation
4,544
–
–
–
–
2019 Federal election
Julian HILL (Australian Labor Party) won Bruce in 2019 with 59,689 of the 93,040 votes in the final count, beating John MacISAAC (Liberal) by 26,338 votes (64.2% to 35.8%). Hill won on first preferences, with 55.6% of 93,040 formal votes (more than half: 46,521 needed).
93,040 formal votes5 candidates3 counts26,338-vote final margin
Each column is a count. Bar height = votes held; the candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes flow to the others. Hover or tap a candidate to highlight their flows.
What happened, count by count
Initially 93,040 first-preference votes were counted. The candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes pass to the voters' next preference, and so on until two remain.
On count 1, Tim BOYANTON (FRASER ANNING'S CONSERVATIVE NATIONAL PARTY) was excluded; their 3,377 votes were distributed: 1,652 (48.9%) to Mubahil AHMED; 985 (29.2%) to John MacISAAC; 412 (12.2%) to Julian HILL; 328 (9.7%) to Rhonda GARAD.
On count 2, Mubahil AHMED (United Australia Party) was excluded; their 5,631 votes were distributed: 3,279 (58.2%) to John MacISAAC; 1,445 (25.7%) to Julian HILL; 907 (16.1%) to Rhonda GARAD.
On count 3, Rhonda GARAD (The Greens (VIC)) was excluded; their 8,036 votes were distributed: 6,119 (76.1%) to Julian HILL; 1,917 (23.9%) to John MacISAAC.
Finally, Julian HILL (Australian Labor Party) won with 59,689 votes to 33,351 for John MacISAAC (Liberal).
Where the preferences went
Bruce 2019: where each excluded candidate’s votes went
Count
Excluded
Votes distributed
Passed to
1
Tim BOYANTONFRASER ANNING'S CONSERVATIVE NATIONAL PARTY
3,377
Mubahil AHMED (UAPP): 1,652 (48.9%)
John MacISAAC (LP): 985 (29.2%)
Julian HILL (ALP): 412 (12.2%)
Rhonda GARAD (GVIC): 328 (9.7%)
2
Mubahil AHMEDUnited Australia Party
5,631
John MacISAAC (LP): 3,279 (58.2%)
Julian HILL (ALP): 1,445 (25.7%)
Rhonda GARAD (GVIC): 907 (16.1%)
3
Rhonda GARADThe Greens (VIC)
8,036
Julian HILL (ALP): 6,119 (76.1%)
John MacISAAC (LP): 1,917 (23.9%)
Votes after every count
Bruce 2019: votes held by each candidate after every count (– = excluded)
Candidate
First prefs
Count 1
Count 2
Count 3
Julian HILLAustralian Labor Party · elected
51,713
52,125
53,570
59,689
John MacISAACLiberal
27,170
28,155
31,434
33,351
Rhonda GARADThe Greens (VIC)
6,801
7,129
8,036
–
Mubahil AHMEDUnited Australia Party
3,979
5,631
–
–
Tim BOYANTONFRASER ANNING'S CONSERVATIVE NATIONAL PARTY
3,377
–
–
–
About this page
Australian House of Representatives elections use full-preferential voting: voters number every box. If no candidate has more than half the first-preference votes, the candidate with the fewest is excluded and their ballots pass to each voter’s next preference, repeating until someone has more than half. Practical lesson: rank the candidate you most want to win first and the one you most want to lose last.
